Mandatory Fasting Requirements [1]

Mandatory Fasting Requirements [1]

The requirements of fasting are: (1) Islam, (2) reasoned, (3) has baligh [2], and (4) knows about the obligation of fasting. [3]

Requirement of Compulsory Fasting [4]
Mandatory requirement of fasting, meaning that when he finds a certain time, he is subject to fasting obligations. Terms are as follows.

(1) Healthy, not sick.

(2) Settling, not in a state of affiliation. The second proof of this condition is the word of Allah Ta'ala,

ومن كان مريضا أو على سفر فعدة من أيام أخر

"And whosoever is sick or on the way (then he breaks), then (shall be obliged for him to fast), as many days as he left it, on other days" (Surat al-Baqarah: 185). Both of these conditions are included in the requirement of fasting and not mandatory fasting requirement and not a requirement fasting qodho 'fasting. Because the mandatory requirement of fasting here is doomed to the sick and the unbelievers. When they did not fast at that time, then they qodho 'based on the agreement of the scholars. But if they keep fasting in such circumstances, their fasting remains valid.

(3) Sacred from haidh and childbirth. His point is the hadith from Mu'adzah, he once asked 'Aisha radhiyallahu' anha. The hadith is,

عن معاذة قالت سألت عائشة فقلت ما بال الحائض تقضى الصوم ولا تقضى الصلاة فقالت أحرورية أنت قلت لست بحرورية ولكنى أسأل. قالت كان يصيبنا الصوم ولا نؤمر بقضاء الصلاة.

From Mu'adzah he said, "I asked Aisha as she said, 'Why do women who have menstruation mengqadha' fast and do not make a prayer? 'So Aisha replied,' Are you from Haruriyah? 'I replied,' I am not Haruriyah, but I am just asking. 'He replied,' We used to experience menstruation, so we are commanded to make fasting and not enjoined to pray '. "[5] also, women who in the state of menstruation and postpartum are not obliged to fast and must mengqodho 'fasting. [6]

Legal Requirement Fasting
Legal requirements of fasting there are two, namely: [7]

(1) In the holy state of haidh and childbirth. This requirement is the requirement of exposure to fasting obligation and at the same time the valid condition of fasting.

(2) Intend. Intention is a legal requirement of fasting because fasting is worship while worship is not valid except with the intention as other worship. The argument of this is the words of the Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam,

إنما الأعمال بالنيات

"Indeed, every charity depends on the intention." [8]

This fasting intention must be done to distinguish it by withholding other hunger. Holding hungry may be just a habit, in order to diet, or because of illness so must be distinguished by fasting which is worship.

However, all readers should know that the intention is not spoken (dilafadzkan). Because the intended intention is the will to do something and the intention lies in the heart [9]. May Allah bless An Nawawi rahimahullah -a great name in Shafi'iyah-who says,

لا يصح الصوم إلا بالنية ومحلها القلب ولا يشترط النطق بلا خلاف

"It is not valid for one's fasting except by intention. The location of the intention is in the heart, not required to be spoken. There is no dispute amongst the scholars. "[10]

Other Shafi'iyah scholars, Asy Syarbini rahimahullah said,

ومحلها القلب, ولا تكفي باللسان قطعا, ولا يشترط التلفظ بها قطعا كما قاله في الروضة

"Intention lies in the heart and do not need at all dilafazhkan. Intention is not at all required to be dilafazhkan as affirmed by An Nawawi in Ar Roudhoh. "[11]

Shaykh al-Islam Ibn Taymiyyah said,

والنية محلها القلب باتفاق العلماء; فإن نوى بقلبه ولم يتكلم بلسانه أجزأته النية باتفاقهم

"The intention is located in the heart based on scholars' agreement. If a person intends in his heart without he lafazhkan with his oral, then his intention has been considered valid based on the agreement of the scholars. "[12]

Shaykh al-Islam Ibn Taimiyah also explains, "Anyone who wants to do something, then surely he has intended. Such as in front of him proffered food, then he had the desire to eat it, then when it must have been intended. So when he wants to drive or do other deeds. Even if someone is burdened with a practice then said not to intend, then really this is impossible loading. Because anyone who wants to do a deed is prescribed or unspoken must have his knowledge before him in his heart, this is what his intention is. "[13]

Mandatory Intend Before Dawn [14]
The argument is the hadith from Ibn 'Umar radhiyallahu' anhuma

Muslims around the world fasting from dawn to maghrib throughout the month of Ramadan for 30 day

Every year, Muslims around the world fasting from dawn to maghrib throughout the month of Ramadan for 30 days. In the northern hemisphere of the world, Ramadan falls in the summer that makes the sun rise early and sets slower so that the fasting period reaches 18 hours more. In fact, will be close to 19 hours at the end of Ramadan later. While in Norway, the period between dawn and maghrib is about 20 hours each day so you will not drink and eat along it within 30 days. But is fasting good for your health? This is what happens to your body if you fast for 30 days. The hardest part - The early days Technically, the human body is not in a 'fasting state' until about eight hours after consuming the last meal. It is about eight hours that the intestines finish stop absorbing nutrients from food consumed. Read also: Study: Heart Failure Patient Can Live Fasting Safely, Origin ... After that then your body starts to rely on glucose stored in the liver and muscles to energize. Longer, when the glucose reserves are depleted, the body fat becomes the source of energy for humans. When the body starts to burn fat, it will encourage weight reduction, decreased cholesterol levels, and also minimize the risk of diabetes. But the drop in blood sugar levels also causes the body to weaken and lethargum so you may suffer from headaches, dizziness, nausea, and bad breath. It happens when your starvation rate is at its toughest time. Be careful with dehydration - Day 3-7 When your body starts to get used to fasting, the fat will be broken down and converted into blood sugar. Reduced fluid intake during fasting periods should be replenished at intervals between fasting because otherwise sweating alone can lead to dehydration. While the food consumed should contain levels of 'proper energy', such as carbohydrates and fats. It is also important to maintain a nutritional balance, by eating protein, salt, and of course water. Accustomed - Day 8-15 In this third stage, you can see improvement as the body begins to adjust to fasting. Dr. Razeen Mahroof - a medical consultant at Addenbrooke Hospital, Cambridge - explains there are several other advantages of fasting. "In ordinary everyday life, we often eat too many calories, which can prevent the body to perform other tasks well, such as self-healing." "It was corrected during the fasting period, by allowing the body to divert attention to other functions." "So fasting can bring good benefits to your body by facilitating self-healing and also preventing and fighting infections," added Dr. Mahroof. Detoxification - Day 16-30 In the last half of Ramadan, the body is fully adapted to the process of fasting. The large intestine, liver, kidneys, and skin undergo periods of detoxification or toxicity in the body. "For health, at this stage, the body organs should be functioning at maximum capacity Your memory and concentration may increase and you may also have more power," explains Dr. Mahroof. "Your body no longer turns to protein for energy, it happens when it's in 'hunger' and uses muscle for energy, which happens in long continuous fasts for a number of days and weeks." "Because fasting in Ramadhan lasts from dawn to maghrib, it is enough to fill our bodies with food and energy-producing liquids." So is fasting good for our body? Yes, says Dr Mahroof, but with one condition. "Fasting is good for our health because it helps us to focus on what and when we eat, a month's fasting period may be good but not sustainable." Read also: 7 Body Tips Stay Powerful and Hydrated During Fasting, According to Science "Sustainable fasting is not a good way to reduce weight in the long term because ultimately your body will stop to convert fat into energy so it switches to muscle.This is not healthy and means your body is in a 'famine state, "added Dr. Mahroof. Outside of Ramadan, he suggests a fasting episode or a 5: 2 diet (Monday-Thursday fasting) will be healthier than fasting for several months continuously. "Fasting during Ramadan, done right, will allow you to replenish energy supplies every day, which means you can lose weight without burning valuable muscle membranes."

The meaning of fasting

The meaning of fasting

Fasting in Arabic is called Ash Shiyaam (الصيام) or Ash Shaum (الصوم). Ash Shiyam language means is al imsaak (الإمساك) ie restraint. While in term, ash shiyaam means: worshiping Allah Almighty by refraining from eating, drinking and other fasting, from dawn to sunset.

Ramadan fasting law

Ramadan fasting is mandatory according to the word of Allah Ta'ala:

يا أيها الذين آمنوا كتب عليكم الصيام كما كتب على الذين من قبلكم لعلكم تتقون

"O those who believe, are required of you fasting as required of those before you so that you are pious" (Surat al-Baqarah: 183).

And also because Ramadan fast is one of the five pillars of Islam. The Prophet sallallaahu'alaihi wasallam said:

بني الإسلام على خمس: شهادة أن لا إله إلا الله وأن محمدا رسول الله, وإقام الصلاة, وإيتاء الزكاة, والحج, وصوم رمضان

"Islam is built on five pillars: shahada laa ilaaha illallah muhammadur rasulullah, establishing prayers, paying zakat, pilgrimage and fasting Ramadan" (Narrated by Bukhari - Muslim).

The virtue of fasting

Fasting is an unmatched worship. Rasulullah sallallaahu'alaihi wasallam said to Abu Umamah Al Bahili:

عليك بالصيام فإنه لا مثل له

"You should fast because the fast is unmatched worship" (Narrated by Ahmad, An Nasa-i Dishahihkan Al Albani in Shahih An Nasa-i)

Allah Ta'ala rested fast on Himself.

قال الله عز وجل: كل عمل ابن آدم له إلا الصوم, فإنه لي وأنا أجزي به

"Allah 'azza wa jalla says: every human practice is for him, except fasting. Because fasting is for Me and I who will reward the reward "(Narrated by Bukhari - Muslim).

Fasting combines 3 types of patience: patience in obedience to God, patient in avoiding the forbidden things of God and patient with Allah's destiny for the hunger and hardship that he felt during fasting.

Fasting will give intercession on the Day of Judgment.

الصيام والقرآن يشفعان للعبد

"Fasting and the Qur'an, both will give intercession later on the Day of Resurrection" (Narrated by Ahmad, Thabrani, Al Hakim.) Al Haitsami says: "All his followers are made into hujjah in Ash Shahih").

The one who fasts will be rewarded with great forgiveness and reward.

Allah Ta'ala says:

إن المسلمين والمسلمات والمؤمنين والمؤمنات والقانتين والقانتات والصادقين والصادقات والصابرين والصابرات والخاشعين والخاشعات والمتصدقين والمتصدقات والصائمين والصائمات والحافظين فروجهم والحافظات والذاكرين الله كثيرا والذاكرات أعد الله لهم مغفرة وأجرا عظيما

"Truly Muslim men and women, faithful men and women, men and women who remain in obedience, righteous men and women, men and women who are patient, male and female khusyu ', the sadaqah men and women, the fasting men and women, men and women who nurtured their honor, men and women who many call (name) Allah, Allah has provided for them the forgiveness and reward that great "(Surah Al Ahzab: 35)

Fasting is a shield from the fires of hell.

Rasulullah sallallaahu'alaihi wasallam said:

الصيام جنة

"Fasting is a shield" (Narrated by Bukhari - Muslim)

Fasting is the cause of entering into heaven

Rasulullah sallallaahu'alaihi wasallam said:

في الجنة ثمانية أبواب, فيها باب يسمى الريان, لا يدخله إلا الصائمون

"In heaven there are eight doors, among them there is a door called Ar Rayyan. No one can enter it except those who fast "(Narrated by Bukhari).

Hikmah disyariatkannya fasting

Fasting is wasilah to strengthen the devotion to God

Fasting makes people feel the favor of Allah Ta'ala

Educate human beings in controlling desire and patience in restraint

Fasting prevents the temptation of Satan's temptation

Fasting generates compassion and affection for the poor

Fasting cleans the body of the elements that are not good and make the body healthy

Rukun fasting

Refrain from things that break the fast

Keep the fasting time

The beginning and the end of the month of Ramadan (the month of fasting)

Must determine the beginning of the month of Ramadan with ru'yatul hilal, when the moon is not visible then the month of Sha'ban is fulfilled to 30 days. The scholars of ijma on this matter, there is no mistake between them.

The scholars require at least one person who sees the new moon to be able to establish the sight of the moon of Ramadan.

If there is one who claims to see the moon of Ramadan alone, the scholars erroneously. Jumhur ulama says he is obliged to fast alone based on his ru'yah. This opinion is corroborated by Ibn Uthaymeen. Some scholars think he must fast with jama'ah Muslims. This opinion is corroborated by Ibn Taimiyah and Ibn Baz.

Rukyah hilal a country applies to all other countries (ittifaqul mathali '), or is it any country

Bad Life in Greed

Bad Life in Greed
greed is a state of the soul that makes people dissatisfied with what they have and try to want to have more. This greed is not only in the possession of property, but also of food, drink, sexual activity, and so on.

These include disgraceful and unhealthy heart disease, because the hearts of greedy people are never calm, satisfied, and always feel deprived. Therefore, it can be encouraged to do bad, such as cheating, stealing, manipulation, corruption, and so forth, to meet his greedy desire for wealth and position. That is why Rasulullah Shalallaahu 'Alaihi Wasallam reminded of the danger of greedy nature:

"Whoever makes the afterlife as his purpose, then God will provide sufficient in his heart. All his need for God to gather and the necessity of the world will come. Whoever makes (motivate) the world as his ideals Allah will make purity before his eyes and will make a mess of all his affairs. While the world (which he sought solemnly) no one came to him but in accordance with what is destined by God on him, in the afternoon and the morning he is always in piety. "(H.R. Tirmizi).

Rasulullah also reminded:

1. "Every child of Adam will have old age, except for two things, greed for possessions and long life" (H.R. Bukhari and Muslim).

2. "If a son of Adam had two valleys, he would seek a third valley, and his stomach would not be satisfied until it was put into the ground." (H.R. Bukhari and Muslim).

The words of the Messenger of Allah make it clear that the desire to accumulate wealth and attain the highest position in the life of the world is actually human and can be a motivation for progress in the life of the world, such as wealth, position, and science, but the lust must be controlled so as not to cause negative excesses, that is to seek wealth and position in a way that is not true, such as bribes and so on. However, if looking for the highest treasure and position even in the right way, of course it can.

The opposite of greed is feeling sufficient (kanaah). This can make people control the desires that are not good and feel enough to have possessed possessions. The person who does the virtue always lives honorable, respected, and free; he is immune to the illness caused by the abundance of treasures in the world and the punishment of the Hereafter.

The greedy disease can be cured by contemplating its ugliness and its detrimental effects, and realizing that greed is an animal that knows no borders and satisfaction, and uses every means, including the haram, in fulfilling its greedy desires. * / Sudirman Tebba, from his book Sehat Born Batin.

Rep: Admin Hidcom

Editor: Syaiful Irwan